The Doubles Creation as a Necessary Anti-Hero Essay

â€Å"In literature the double is a result of the authors conscious or unconscious desire for a wider range of action, possibilities of behavior for his hero that go beyond the morally acceptable, and this wish will create itself in the form of a double, or anti-hero† writes Joyce Carol Oates in her piece â€Å"Tragic and Comic Visions in The Brothers Karamazov.† Just as Oates suggests that doubles are created in order for an author to extend a characters range of believable actions, doubles exist to bring about change in their original forms. Citing Mikhail Bakhtins criticism of Dostoyevskys creation technique, I intend to align the authors intentions with the intentions of his characters, and explain that due to the authors need for a wider†¦show more content†¦Through extensive research of dissociative fugue and the projection defense mechanism as well as in-depth analysis of each characters speech and action will help solidify my case for each and speak t o the reasoning for their creation of doubles. My second viewpoint is a bit more abstract in the sense that it deals solely with the concept of a literary double. This approach is not radically different from the take on the same theory that doubles are born out of an individuals need for further action they wish not to take responsibility for. This view asserts the creation of a literary double is somewhat of a cop out on the authors part. Mikhail Bakhtin, as well as countless other critics, have identified Dimitri, Ivan, and Alyosha Karamazov each as Dostoyevsky himself in differing phases of his life. In this manner, the novel is an â€Å"artistically organized† collection of languages, voices, and speech types (Rivkin 674). I will rely heavily on the work of Mikhail Bakhtin in my discussion of the differing voices (heteroglossia) within the novel, as well as a commentary on Bakhtins â€Å"Problems of Dostoevskys Creation by Rene Wellek. My research will aim to uncover t he multitude of voices that an author includes within each character of the story as well as a seemingly

Hubert Selby Jr.s Requiem For A Dream Essay example

Hubert Selby Jr.s Requiem for a Dream In Selbys 1978 novel Requiem for a Dream each character succumbs to self-gratification, which eventually and inevitably leads to self-destruction. The four main characters, Harry Goldfarb, Sara Goldfarb, Marion, and Tyrone C. Love each suffer from individual addictions, be it their dreams, illegal/legal narcotics, or even television. Ultimately not only their bodies and minds, but their very souls are destroyed by their addictions (Giles 104). Harry, a middle-class addict who is constantly affecting the trust and property of his mother Sara Goldfarb, is in what seems to be a dream-like, drug-induced romance with Marion. The novel begins with Harry taking his mothers television set, this†¦show more content†¦Sara Goldfarb is a lonely old woman. She has an obsession with television, partially because of her addiction to her dream. Sara even goes as far as to give up meals for the television set, and as she is watching she feels emotion for the characters: Â…Sara was so happy for them, then checked her money and realized she would have to go without lunch for a few days, but it was worth it to have the TV set. It wasnt the first time she gave up a meal for her setÂ… (13). Sara is constantly watching the same unspecified television program and one day receives a call from them (Lyle Russel of the McDick Corporation) (25). Mrs. Goldfarb, how would you like to be a contestant on one of televisions most poignant, most heartwarming programs? Oooo me? On the television She kept looking from the phone to the television, and back again, trying to look at both at the same time (25). After receiving this phone call the rest of Saras life goes into preparing for the television show and waiting for the McDick Corporation to call her back with more information. She soon begins to try several different diets, none of which are a success until she visits a doctor recommended by a friend. Her doctor puts her on diet pills, which subconsciously beco mes her third addiction. Without seeing the warning signsShow MoreRelatedThe Evolution of Baseball Technology: 1884-Present2676 Words   |  11 Pagescertainly lost our way as a nation. (Gutman 21) Today, aluminum bats account for nearly 75 % of all baseball bat sales and are used by nearly all Little League and college baseball teams (Wanner). The first baseball gloves were created in the 1880’s. They were work gloves that had the fingers chopped off after the first knuckle, aiding in protecting a player’s hands (Buckley 14). Later on, gloves became heavy leather pillows with fingers. Players were forced to catch the ball with two hands because

American Fall Apart Free Essays

string(176) " draft helped to fight for one cause, and again although it may not have been the best idea, nonetheless it did unite us and made us as a country stronger to fight in the war\." Kevin Nguyen Professor Dulaney English 122 October 8, 2012 Will America Collapse? Did you ever stop to think though the richest country in the world, the United States, known to be the country where all dreams come true; it seems like over the generations it has fallen apart? I mean come on now we don’t even have to open the news to know that this world is falling apart, yet we sit in our own confusion as to why our own country is in despair. Despite being one of the most successful countries in the world we struggle to be one of the best due to individual struggles and needs, as we strive for more individualistic freedoms, we limit our strive to become a better country as a whole. When we look at a country as a whole what better idea than to target the head of state, the government for all the problems that we face in the United States. We will write a custom essay sample on American Fall Apart or any similar topic only for you Order Now Yes we can say that most of our problems has a correlation with the government but as a whole country, everyone contributes to this idea of a capitalist society just by being a part of it. Because many of our United States citizens have learnt to work the capitalist system, we’ve as humans learnt how to be selfish not caring for others desires, and most other’s needs. We’ve somehow forgot what it means to be righteous, and have been influenced by society that feeding for ourselves is what will get you through. Through our actions, we have become a cold generation, and desirable one, like the economist just like author Anthony Burgess says, the United States, known to be the country where all dreams come true, seems like over the generations it has fallen apart. When we look at a country as a whole, there is no better target to blame than the government and denunciate them straight away for our downfall. Yes we can say that most of it has to do with the government but as a whole country, everyone is at fault and they just look for ways to pass it off as, â€Å"How is it my fault? † it’s the presidents fault for not fixing all our problems he’s the leader and he’s not doing a good job otherwise we would be become more successful as a country rather than decline. Despite the fact that America is still one of the best places to live due to financial opportunities and freedom, if United States continues its course that it is going on America is doom to fall in the future due to our people not being united under the same cause. Individualism and freedoms will become the ultimate downfall to this glorious nation. â€Å"Is America Falling Apart? † an essay by Anthony Burgess critiques the United States. Burges, a British citizen lived in New Jersey a year in the 1970s while being a visiting professor at Princeton University and expressed his opinion of what is wrong with America. Anthony Burgess wrote â€Å"Is America Falling Apart? † to highlight the faults of America with the hope that America would change rather than disintegrate. The central theme of his essay was that America was too individualistic and would benefit from giving up some of that individualism in order to be a healthier society. Where private ownership prevails, public amenities decay or are prevented from coming into being† (Burgess 287). His view of American individualism and how America needs to change is warped by his limited experience of large metropolitan areas and believing those experiences gave him an understanding of America. Burgess claims that Americans are finally realizing that obtaining goods is not the primary goal of life. I agree on his statement that America is focusing too much o n individual needs and destroys others by striving to heights on their own. I truly believe that if America gave up some freedom and sacrificed some of it for the whole country we can benefit a lot in our society and we can continue to be one of the most successful countries in the world. Burgess also states, â€Å"America, the world’s biggest consumer is the world’s biggest polluter,† using examples such as the Los Angeles smog and the tons of garbage Americans produce. Besides having terrible schools and government, Burgess wants the United States to have a more socialist view on our government just like Britain or Canada. Although he is highly critical of America, he wants to return there because of its importance in the world’s future. Many may argue that Burgess’ analysis of the United States is mostly wrong, but is the trouble not being caused by our very own citizens? One may argue that Americans are not greedy but are the most generous people on Earth. Americans are known for charity and not just through government programs. But having these charity programs do not outweigh the poverty the other countries face. As an American, I believe we do have a problem with the consumerism and pollution to the extent that he claims. Although, there is pollution in the United States, many people would compare it to China however despite China’s pollution problem, their population as a whole country more than doubles our United States population. The United States individual ecological footprint for individual citizens outweighs an individual that lives in China. Burgess has concluded with some solutions that may fix our problems here in the United States and although many of our citizens may not like it, it seems like a very viable option. Burgess proposed more socialism as the solution for America (291). The dilemma is that when the government becomes involved in any area of life, freedoms are taken away. For example, Vietnam is perfect examples in which the choices we made were very much socialistic. Although the Vietnam War was a very controversial topic, the fact that our country united under the draft helped to fight for one cause, and again although it may not have been the best idea, nonetheless it did unite us and made us as a country stronger to fight in the war. You read "American Fall Apart" in category "Papers" Many may argue that freedom is what made this country the great place that it is and the pursuit of one’s individual happiness is never a bad thing so why strip such great roots. Although I agree that I also love my freedoms to do what I want where I want very much, I do not like the idea of letting a thousand suffer just for my individual freedoms, if I had my freedoms striped away tomorrow in exchange for others people prospering so be it. As long as all those who suffer without anything that are living on the streets get proper living conditions. For example, I was at the gas station the other day and this lady came up to me begging for help, begging for her life and I see all the suffering she has gone through with her cold eyes and her rotting teeth and bad hygiene. While I was standing there listening to her story all that came into my head was I have so much more in my life than this lady and why does she deserve to suffer so much and sleep on the street while I go home to a nice warm house. Was it just the matter of luck being born in the right place at the right time into the right family? So the idea of America being individualistic creates a big gap in society, the rich, the middle class, and poverty. This will make America as a whole crumble more as we get more homeless and poor people every day and help is out of their reach. Although at first the idea of socialism is completely denied by a lot of United States citizen’s, there are many cases in which Socialism works and does not interfere so much in one’s life. I wanted to experience what living conditions were like first hand by talking to someone who actually lived in one of the top communist countries today, China. Well, I grew up in China and I kind of had a really happy childhood. My family was alright with enough money for luxuries and stuff, and there are a lot of people so I was never bored and had so many friends to play with. It was a happy life. Though one thing was when you enter adulthood things start to get stressful especially from work, but otherwise it’s a good life (She Smile s) just cause there are many people to hang around and chat with yeah and not many racism issues since everyone is the same so there were less hatred, and don’t listen to other people about china being communist and bad, they’re idiots that have never been there†. After talking to her I got the vibe that she favors the communist government and she thinks nothing wrong of it and judging by her tone of voice she loved life in China. After she tells me this I push on to ask her would you rather live in a free nation like the United States or would you rather return to Communist China? She replies again that it is not as bad as many people make it out to be and that understands that China does what it does to benefit the whole country so she wouldn’t mind, in the end she said she would rather live in China just because she is more comfortable there. Analyzing our conversation, I realized that it just depends on the type of environment you are born in and in China everyone should be born as equals and therefore China there is less individual strive to be better and therefore no competition which ultimately leaves no pain and suffering anybody has to face. Political arguments about the justice of economic inequality in America do not challenge these basic assumptions. From the republican view the argument is that the race or pursuit of happiness is indeed fair; the poor have failed to take advantage of the opportunities offered to them and to everyone else and so deserve their poverty. The argument from the democrats is the reverse; the playing field is not level, therefore those players who fail are not at fault and should be helped to achieve equality. In the article â€Å"How Capitalism differs from Socialism† the author Rosemary Peavler states that â€Å"Capitalist economies are money-driven without much regard for people unless they are owners or shareholders of business firms. In a capitalist economy, there is fierce competition and, perhaps, unfair competition†. This so called fierce competition will make the rich become even richer while the poor become poorer and it will also create tension and dispute among people. Both sides accept without debate a cultural belief inherited from getting their views influenced by their peers as they are growing up, however ultimately many people believe that to seriously escape poverty they must really strive for it, if you are the lazy type that does not strive for a better tomorrow then many claim they do not deserve aid. But eventually it all leads back to that idea of individualism and the needs that a person requires, it’s just a never ending struggle for individual dominance which will lead to then fall of America with this selfish mindset intact. Personally I support the democratic view in society and I very much agree that not everyone is granted the equal opportunity to life as some were born into poverty and they cannot do anything to prevent that. The republican argument will probably use people that rose from rags to riches but what are the chances that majority of the people living in poverty rise to riches, it is highly unlikely. Therefore we I agree with the democratic view of more government interaction (Socialism) rather than more individualism to unite the country and strive for a better nation as a whole, â€Å"Through government, we should do together what we cannot do as well for ourselves† (Abraham Lincoln). Many may argue that we fought so hard to achieve this level of freedom and opportunity why would you want to just throw it all away? I believe that all the freedom and opportunities were bestowed on us to help the people live a better life and we did back then when the poverty line was relatively low, however nowadays the same freedom and opportunities are restricting a lot of the people therefore I believe it some of it should be stripped to help those in needs because I at the end of the day believe that America does not completely stand for freedom and opportunity but it stands for helping people in their time of need. There will always be a never ending debate about how do we reach the next level? How do we strive for a better future? How do we prevent ourselves from repeating the horrible things in the past? How do we keep America from falling apart? Although there may not be one right answer, I truly believe that having more socialistic ideas implanted in America can truly give that wiggle room to achieve higher greatness then where we are now. In the end our nation will never truly prosper if we do not unite as a country as a whole and neglect our individual needs more and think about all those who are less fortunate than us. If we become more considerate and sacrifice our eeds for others we can truly become the great nation we were once again. A great president once said: â€Å"Ask not what your country can do for you but what you can do for your country†. * John F. Kennedy Note to Dulaney I decided to choose this topic because this particular subject always interested me and I myself believed that America isn’t what it used to be and it is falling apart. Whe n I did some research I was amazed with what I found and it made me think deeply about the so what if America is a capitalist society and my views have changed drastically. Although so people may call me a communist now, I truly believe that socialism works better than capitalism. Capitalism is a greedy form of government and I now see clearly why the rich just get richer while the poor get poorer. The gap is only getting bigger as the days go by and I often get scared of the thought of our society just collapsing one day into the Great Depression, Riots, War etc. All these are results of having capitalist society. By having a socialist government, they shall keep the peace and maintain everything and everyone but however I would still protest if the things they did were uncalled for. But most choices they make should make sense as the make choices for the population as a whole. Bibliography Burgess, Anthony. â€Å"Is America Falling Apart. † The Norton Reader. Ed. Linda Peterson, John Bereton, Joseph Bizup, Anne Fernald, Melissa Goldthwaite. 13th ed. Ner York; W. W. Norton company, 2012. 295-304. Print Pleaver, Rosemary. â€Å"How capitalism and Socialism Differ†. Website http://bizfinance. about. com/od/smallbusinessissues/qt/CapvsSoc. htm How to cite American Fall Apart, Papers

Cause Marketing free essay sample

I chose to research the topic of cause marketing to benefit the nonprofit cancer community, specifically nonprofit cancer survivor camps for children, teens and young adults. These camps have not used this fundraising strategy and I believe they could benefit from it greatly. This research will provide the tools and understanding of how to design a custom program with for-profits which will fit their marketing and business goals, while raising profits for the camp’s operational costs. Introduction to Cause Marketing Cause Marketing is the cooperative efforts of a for-profit business and a non-profit organization for mutual benefit. (Wikapedia) The company puts the power of its brand and marketing behind the nonprofit’s cause to generate profits for both. (Daw, p. 1) The for-profit has the ability to reach consumers the nonprofit would not be able to for donations, while making the for-profit appear more socially responsible to consumers. â€Å"Numerous studies have shown cause-related marketing has helped increase a company’s profits. We will write a custom essay sample on Cause Marketing or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page (Wikapedia) It also raises awareness for the nonprofits cause and reaches more supporters while increasing funding for the cause. â€Å"Today, more and more companies are realizing they can no longer afford to be anonymous benefactors or disengaged citizens. † (Daw, p. 28) In recent years the term has come to describe a wider variety of marketing initiatives based on the cooperative efforts of business and charitable causes. However it is important to differentiate cause marketing from corporate philanthropy or sponsorship, it is in fact an intersection of the two. Sundar, p. 208) The objective of all cause-related marketing programs is sales and a promotional campaign is undertaken to that end. Sponsorship and corporate philanthropy is a fixed amount of money which is negotiated and donated in advance to a nonprofit organization for an event or program. (Sundar, p. 208) In return for sponsorship the nonprofit uses its marketing to promote a companies involvement and support of the cause. For example, the company’s logo will appear on the nonprofits marketing materials for an event. Overview of Findings Studies done by Cone Inc. a marketing communication agency that tracks American attitudes towards corporate support of social issues, have brought cause marketing data into sharp focus. (Sundar, p. 207) In the Cone Corporate Citizenship Study the consumers’ answer to the statement, â€Å"I am likely to switch from one brand to another that is about the same in price and quality, if the other brand is associated with a cause. † has been staggering. In 2001 81% agreed they would switch brands, in 2004 86% would switch and in 2006 89% stated they would switch brands if associated with a cause. Cone Case Studies 2001, 2004, 2006) â€Å"Cone research reports†¦have identified key motivators that are driving changes in the corporate sector: employees, communities, and consumers are all demanding that companies play an active role in building community and demonstrate what they stand for. Cause related shopping is the second and third means of providing charitable gifts for those who planned to give a charitable donation over the holiday season. (Daw, p. 2) In fact the British Business in the Community 21st Century Giving Research showed that 83% of those who participated in a cause initiative said it enabled them to support a charity more that they would have otherwise done. (Daw, p. 32)This is dramatic indicator of consumer attitudes and an important differentiator for product marketing.

The movies and drama Essay Example For Students

The movies and drama Essay The arts deal in the particular, the individual, and the personal. While the sciences deal in the general, the universal and the collective. To what extent does this statement obscure the nature of both areas of knowledge? In examining the ways in which this statement obscures the nature of both areas of knowledge, it is essential to examine the differences and similarities between both areas and determine links between the two. The arts as referred to in the statement can be qualified into all subjects of a creative and imaginative nature. Literature, poetry, fine arts, theatre arts, movies and drama can all be qualified as the arts. This is because all these subjects deal with the creativity and imagination of the human mind. All these areas of knowledge are sensitive to humans emotions and their perceptions of their surroundings. The arts can be said to be the areas of knowledge within which Humans attempt to understand the world around them in a passionate and heartfelt manner, letting their thoughts flow to produce works and pieces of an artistic nature. We will write a custom essay on The movies and drama specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now The sciences as referred to in the statement can be qualified into all subjects of a practical and logically rational nature. Biology, chemistry, physics, zoology, psychology, botany and all their sub divisions can be qualified as the sciences. This is because all these subjects deal with practical, every day matters that bring about theories which help us better understand ourselves and our environment. All these areas of knowledge are based on reason, and satisfy the human quest to answering questions of their own existence by providing clear-cut, reliable and proven facts that are the basis for theories which serve as these answers. The sciences can be said to be the areas of knowledge within which practicality, logic and rationality serve as the foundation to providing theories that enable humans to comprehend their existence and their environment in a coherent manner. In exploring both areas of knowledge with reference to the statement, it is necessary to first establish the history of differences between both areas of knowledge. In their fundamental explanations, as seen above, the arts and the sciences directly contrast one another. This brings about the traditional opinion of how sciences and arts are two completely dissimilar areas of knowledge and any links between the two can only be found as differences. Over centuries of dismissing arts and sciences into two completely different corners of knowledge, opinions have been formed by humans about the divisions between both areas of knowledge, as is reflected in the statement. In exploring the impact these set rules of separation between both areas of knowledge have on obscuring them, it is essential to determine that they do certainly have basic differences in their fundamental explanations. There are many exceptions however, which prove that the sciences and the arts are not two completely vast and different areas of knowledge. They are simply, as is explored in the crux of this essay, two different approaches, both of which need to be utilized to better understand and accept the different ways of knowing and different areas of knowledge, linking the two to provide a greater understanding into the theory of knowledge.

Free Essays on American

Americanism Americanism to me means being proud of my country as a U.S citizen, as well as living in a democracy under the government’s power and authority. Our country today is under severe conditions in which we are at war. Because of this, it is my duty to continue to stay focused in college and complete all of my endeavors that I will achieve in the future. Therefore, I also must be aware of what goes on in our society and not have any fear, but to stay strong and live my life. I must also keep a positive mind and know that if it is our time to be taken away from this earth then only god knows what is best. My generation is known as the â€Å"Generation X† in which we are betrayed by the media and adults as unstable, unpredictable and lacking guidance for our future endeavors. I as a student of Delaware State University, plan to continue to achieve my education and excel in all of my studies and receive good grades. So far, academically as a freshman of Delaware State, I have learned how to manage my time between school work and social life. The classes that I am presently taking now are preparing me for the corporate world of business. I have volunteered my community service hours for two years during my years of high school. Americanism has already played an important role in my life because I am proud to reach out to the community all around in every positive way. I have had working experience for the past three years. I believe that being apart of the general public and getting to know different people from varieties of races, is not only important, but it is one of the main priorities that a person should have in their life. Being an American enables me to interact with other cultures outside my own because in some countries, certain people only mingle with their own kind, in which they are prohibited from communication because they have lack of freedom and have certain beliefs. My work ethics... Free Essays on American Free Essays on American Americanism Americanism to me means being proud of my country as a U.S citizen, as well as living in a democracy under the government’s power and authority. Our country today is under severe conditions in which we are at war. Because of this, it is my duty to continue to stay focused in college and complete all of my endeavors that I will achieve in the future. Therefore, I also must be aware of what goes on in our society and not have any fear, but to stay strong and live my life. I must also keep a positive mind and know that if it is our time to be taken away from this earth then only god knows what is best. My generation is known as the â€Å"Generation X† in which we are betrayed by the media and adults as unstable, unpredictable and lacking guidance for our future endeavors. I as a student of Delaware State University, plan to continue to achieve my education and excel in all of my studies and receive good grades. So far, academically as a freshman of Delaware State, I have learned how to manage my time between school work and social life. The classes that I am presently taking now are preparing me for the corporate world of business. I have volunteered my community service hours for two years during my years of high school. Americanism has already played an important role in my life because I am proud to reach out to the community all around in every positive way. I have had working experience for the past three years. I believe that being apart of the general public and getting to know different people from varieties of races, is not only important, but it is one of the main priorities that a person should have in their life. Being an American enables me to interact with other cultures outside my own because in some countries, certain people only mingle with their own kind, in which they are prohibited from communication because they have lack of freedom and have certain beliefs. My work ethics...

The Emergence of the Dark or Grief Tourism Phenomenon Essay

The Emergence of the Dark or Grief Tourism Phenomenon - Essay Example Today we hear of spiritual tourism, health tourism, casino tourism, sex tourism, adventure tourism and heritage tourism. If this was not enough today we have what is labeled the ‘dark’ or the ‘grief’ tourism. Postmodernism, tourism is more specialized and caters to tourists with all sorts of tastes. What exactly is the dark tourism and how does it affect the society and culture of the region? Uttering the word ‘tourism’ gives one a feeling of excitement and pleasure. The phrase dark tourism was coined in 1997 (MacMillan 2002) to describe the phenomenon of people traveling to the scene or place of disaster to see for themselves the place where it happened. There was a massive outpouring of public grief in the months following the death of Princess Diana in August 1997. People’s extravagant display of public sorrow for individuals they have never met led to the movement being called dark tourism. The words grief tourism and grief tourists were subsequently associated with visitors to the site in New York where the Twin Towers were demolished on 11th September 2001. It was in 2002 that the terms grief tourism and grief tourists first began to emerge as people flocked to Soham in Cambridgeshire following the deaths of two young schoolgirls, Holly Wells and Jessica Chapman, who were tragically murdered by the caretaker of their local school. Governments and other local authorities are faced with dilemmas regarding representation of sites associated with death and disaster in the context of tourism visits. Today a large number of sites associated with war, genocide, assassination and other tragic events have become significant tourist destinations. This phenomenon is called the dark tourism (John Lennon & Malcom Foley, November 2000). Places associated with death and catastrophe range from famous assassination sites such as Kennedy’s at  Dallas to concentration camps and Holocaust memorials.

English literature Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words

English literature - Essay Example ell, they have not hesitated on a single occasion to reject any single possibility to attain it, even at the cost of inflicting unimaginable effect of harm to their fellow human beings. Such desperate attempt of power mongering commenced centuries ago but as the civilization has progressed it has taken a more brutal and naked form. Aristotle perhaps visualized the ongoing process of crime against humanity; thus, he remarked prophetically, â€Å"The fact is that the greatest crimes are caused by excess and not by necessity. Men do not become tyrants in order that they may not suffer cold; and hence great is the honor bestowed, not on him who kills a thief, but on him who kills a tyrant.† (Aristotle, Part VII) On the other hand it quite astonishing to see that no matter how much the tyrants and power mongers attempt to inflict the torture over humanity but they have not been able to destroy the spirit and essence of humanity completely. Human beings, even in today’s world of moral corruption as well as mutual distrust are ready to stretch their hands for helping others. Through literature, music and different other forms of arts they protest against such senseless process of crime against humanity by their human counterparts. Through analysis of certain stories and a movie Born on the Fourth of July, we will try to understand whether mutual struggle of human beings has really been able to retain human nature and values. At the same time we will also see to which magnitude crime against humanity has extended its scope to violate the bond of human fellowship. 1. Born on the Fourth of July/ This film was released in the year 1989 and has been made by deriving inspiration from the autobiography with the same name, from a veteran of Vietnam War, Ron Kovic. Though Ron was born and brought up in a family, having a strong patriotic background but after observing the reality of the Vietnam War though his own eyes, Ron was completely disillusioned about the act of warfare.

Evaluation of Cheryl Beck's Postpartum Depression Theory using 2 Essay

Evaluation of Cheryl Beck's Postpartum Depression Theory using 2 methods - Essay Example It is full of evolving and receding paradigms. The new millennium has brought us forward into a new era of Nursing – the Socialization of era of Nursing Science. Thus the 21st century saw monumental changes taking place in Nursing. In lieu of this, an extensive and comprehensive research on â€Å"The Postpartum Theory of Depression† was carried out by Cheryl Beck (1993) (Beck, Reynolds and Rutowski) and they built a background with strong analysis to support it. They soon had a theory on Postpartum Depression. They followed a specific theory approach which was used to formulate this theory. The sole aim and purpose of this theory was to provide enlightenment and insight into Postpartum Depression. The various stages or concepts of Beck’s theory (1993) was defined in different ways, such as – This theory was implemented in the nursing sector and was used to alert nurses on the incidence, recurring and impact of Postpartum Depression. Beck stressed the importance for the need to identify new mothers and render assistance to those suffering from Postpartum Depression through various support groups (Beck, et al., ) Though Beck’s theory is relatively new, still it has been implemented and used in a number of Nursing Studies. The concept of Postpartum Depression (Beck, 1995, 1998) was further examined by carrying out a meta- analysis to test and document its efficacy. The information gathered from the Meta analysis (Beck and Gable 2000) served as a basis which led to the development of the â€Å"Postpartum Screening Scale† to enhance detection of this particular disorder. This tool was then used by nurses in their studies. Clemmens, Driscol and Beck, 2004 took a survey after using this tool on 150 mothers and reported data which determined that the tool was effective in identifying and diagnosing those mothers with Postpartum Depression. Walker and Avant in their book on growth and evolution on the philosophy of nursing theory give us a

Methodological Issues In Research Domestic Violence Psychology Essay

Methodological Issues In Research Domestic Violence Psychology Essay A critical review of the methodology used in Hoyle, C Being a nosy bloody cow: ethical and methodological issues in research domestic violence. The chapter of the article I am focusing on looks at negotiating access to research subjects and adapting methodology for a doctoral approach to work. The chapter also looks at who would be appropriate subjects for the research and the appropriate means of getting information for the research. Overall the article looks at Hoyles own experience from her thesis which was based on policing domestic violence Thames Valley (Hoyle, C. 1996) but her methods were denigrated by critics who were not sympathetic with my findings. The types of methodology used by Hoyle in her article is a mix of qualitative and quantitative†¦scrutiny of official documents†¦interviews†¦telephone calls (Hoyle, C. 2000:397). This is also called triangulation different methods to study the same phenomenon (Hoyle, C. 2000:398). Triangulation involves Uses multiple observers, theoretical perspectives, sources of data, methodologies†¦ methods of investigation (research methods book) to get more reliable results. Qualitative data involves an approach to documents that emphasis the role of the investigator†¦emphasises words rather than data (research book p716). The method involves using interviews, surveys, diaries or questionnaires to get results that are word based rather than numbers, figures or statistics. The definition of quantitative data is emphasises quantification†¦ and analysis of data (research book p717). Quantitative data focuses on numbers rather than words to get results for example, crime figures or statistics. The qualitative data that Hoyle uses are interviews, she interviews police officers and victims to in order to consider what the role of the criminal justice system is†¦in relation to domestic violence (Hoyle, C.2000:398). Hoyle occasionally interviewed the offender, the Crown Prosecution Service and the custody officer it is necessary to talk to all those involved in disputes and their resolution (Hoyle, C.2000:398). The quantitative data that is used within the text are the scrutiny of official documents, although she doesnt go into detail on what these are they are more likely to be crime figures for domestic violence. Triangulation in Hoyles article combines qualitative and quantitative data to get a more accurate result; however there are strengths and weaknesses for both methods. Qualitative data could be using a survey, questionnaire or interview to gather opinions from a group or individual but these can prove time consuming and expensive for example, you might have to travel in order to conduct the interviews. Another weakness of qualitative data is that it is opinion and not fact, Hoyle interviews police officers, victims and offenders to get their opinion on the dispute that she attends but the victim may be influenced so the interviewer has no way of knowing whether it is the complete truth, this also means the results may be unreliable as the answer may be false. Hoyle also interviewed police officers who responded to the incidents to ensure that accurate information was given in accordance to the victims wishes. Each set of data collected in an interview provides different perspectives o f the incident that generates further accounts in relation to the data that has already been gathered (Fandf 1986 find ref later in hoyles article). In using validity steps may be taken to ensure a method is reliable and/ or valid as such as testing for internal reliability (research methods book p173). In Hoyles research triangulation data does not provide a straightforward check on a reliability and validity†¦ discrete data set provides a unique perspective and therefore can be considered in isolation from others, two (or more) sets of data on the same situation permits one to explore the relationship of accounts to what people are actually observes to be doing, thereby generating a further account in relation to data already gathered (f and f from hoyles article). Hoyles uses interviews to get the opinion of the victim; however we cannot validate opinion as it may not be entirely true. It is possible to validate official documents for example, crime figures but in Hoyles article she does not reveal what they are then there is no way we can validate them without knowing specifically what they are. Hoyle chose to use qualitative and quantitative data so that there is more than one method to make the results more reliable, if one method looks at the opinion of the individuals involved then the official documents can back up the information found out from the interviews. She also chose these methods as it is good for repeatability; since Hoyle used the same methods over and over to conduct the interview then it is probable that at the end she would have similar results. Hoyle also considered these methods as it is a rigorous and thorough methodological approach for doctoral work (Hoyle, C. 2000:395). There are some differences that make using qualitative and quantitative data good or bad, the research done with qualitative data shows the point of view from the participants instead of quantitative data which is shown from the researchers point of view. I think it is better to show research from the participants view as it gives the reader a clearer insight into their world or perspectives for example, Karen Sharpe partly uses qualitative data to interview prostitutes on the street. The research shows the prostitutes and Sharpes perspective whilst on the streets †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..quote this gives us a feel for how they feel working on the streets and the trust involved to approach Sharpe and answer the questions (reference to the Sharpe article). A strength of using quantitative data is that it is more structured than qualitative data, qualitative is usually unstructured or semi- structured as qualitative data is meant to give the researcher a view of the world from the participants eyes. (Research book p498). Quantitative data is more concerned with a group or individuals behaviour such as finding out why people work as prostitutes and what abused they endure on the streets, where as qualitative data is focused on the meaning of the actions. Several writers have written contrasts about qualitative and quantitative data, such as Halfpenny 1979 (research book p407). The similarities of qualitative and quantitative data are both set out to answer research questions although both sets of data are different but the overall goal is focused on answering questions about the nature of social reality (research book p409). Hardy and Bryman (2004) have pointed out that†¦ there†¦ are differences between qualitative and quantitative research†¦ should be recognised that there are similarities too (research book p409).Both qualitative and quantitative data are focused on variation, researchers seek to uncover and then represent the variation that they uncover (research book p409). This means researchers explore how people are different and their connection to variation. Another similarity is that the research method used has to have appropriate questions to ask the subject, researchers have to ensure that they specify que stions and select methods and data analysis that are appropriate with the questions (research book p410). Both of qualitative and quantitative data focuses on data reduction as researchers tend to collect a lot of data. If a researcher reduces the amount of data then it is easier to make sense of it all. In quantitative data researchers reduce data by statistical analysis. In qualitative data researchers develop concepts out of†¦ rich data (research book p409). The ethical issues that come from using qualitative methodology such as interviews are that Hoyle had to be taken to the victims house by the police officer on duty as she had to think about her personal safety, the officer was not required to participate in the interview except when the offender remained in the house after the dispute. However using the police officer to secure access looks like the victim had no choice but to be interviewed by Hoyle, before conducting the interview Hoyle had to make sure that the victim knew they had to rights whether to be interviewed or not. Consent had to be given for the interviews and Hoyle had to tell them information such as who she was, what the research was about, how it was funded and how the data would eventually be used. She also had to make sure they remained anonymous to protect the privacy of the people involved, this was important as to not cause more stress to the individuals and persuade them to open up to her since they couldnt b e identified. Another issue was that with the offender still in the house the victim could be dissuade from being entirely truthful with Hoyle so separate interview schedules were set up and the offender was taken to the police station for the interview. A major ethical issue was the fact that Hoyle was deceitful to the perpetrator of the dispute; she asked the offender to leave her alone with the victim and told them that their partner would be asked the same questions as them about public perception of police handling disputes. Some of the questions that Hoyle asked were the same as the offenders but some were not. Consented to interviews with officers without fully understanding the reasons behind the interviews (Hoyle, C.2000:401) Hoyle basically lied to the offender to gain the information she needed, if she hadnt then there is a chance that the victim would have been dishonest. Other issues that are involved with this type of research are access, Hoyle would of have to of gone through the police first and would of needed police escort to the dispute. Also to get to the victims she would have needed access from the police and from the offender as Hoyle had to ask the offender for permission to ask the victim questions. Another issue would have been trust, to talk to the victims Hoyle of needed a certain amount of trust before she could get them to answer the questions although they had the choice of backing out and not taking part if they wished. She would also need to get the trust of the offender so that they would let the victim alone with her. Overall I think that using both quantitative and qualitative data together is better as it produces more reliable information and results. Using qualitative data means that we get to see the research from the point of view from the individual or group to give us a clearer view of their life, however it is time consuming as you would have to earn their trust enough that you can ask questions and conduct the research. Qualitative data is also useful as it shows the participant in their natural settings most qualitative researchers reveal a preference for seeing through the eyes of the participant (research book p412) so they dont change their behaviour too much and so that they are comfortable in their environment. Quantitative data is distanced from the research subject, so we dont get a feel for the research as with qualitative data as the researcher is in close proximity to the subject. An advantage of using quantitative data is that it can be proven as it is fact where qualitative data is opinion, as having research that van be verified is useful.

Essay examples --

The mobility paradigm proposed by John Urry (2000) brought a significant shift into the way of researching in social sciences. According to BÃ ¼scher and Urry (2009: 100), this shift allows theorize the social from the perspective of economic, social and political practices, ideologies and infrastructures. These, as reported by authors (2009: 100), engage the mobility of people, things and information. However, this radical shift in theory goes hand in hand with an inevitable need of new methods to gather sociological knowledge. We can see this need on the example of cycling as a practice of mobility. As Spinney and Brown (2009: 132) stated, the dissatisfaction with such a small range of methods that could help to explain various aspects of cycling has been rising lately. Thus, how to research on this practice of mobility to gain as much sociological knowledge as possible? The answer might be hidden within developing methodologies of sociology with emphasis on visual and sensory app roach. In this essay I will demonstrate how might be cycling investigated with the assistance of new methods that include video. Firstly, the mobility paradigm will be briefly introduced and connected with the realm of cycling. Subsequently, I will show in which ways can be video used for researching. Ultimately, the most important part of this paper will be dedicated to practice shown on examples of two different but in many ways similar investigations. The mobility paradigm, turn from analysing society to analysing mobility, was pioneered by John Urry (2000) in his book Sociology beyond Societies: Mobilities for the Twenty-First Century. The author (2000, 2007) laid the foundations of mobility paradigm and proposed a shift from research on society to ... ...nvestigation. These are participatory video, videography and video elicitation. Accordingly, on an example of video use in sociological research practice we have demonstrated benefits and tried to find drawbacks of this methodology. When researching on cycling, we might encounter various obstacles. For instance, the terrain will not let the researcher to follow the participant and conduct uninterrupted interview in real time. By using of mobile video camera enables to experience and understand various practices (In our case cycling.) that would not be possible to approach and brings a new perspective into contemporary research. Moreover, use of representations allows researchers to produce knowledges that are hard to describe with language. Finally, we can clearly see from our evidence that video bridges the gap between the embodiment of practice and the language.

Definition of Tourist/Tourism Essay

Throughout the academic and business world there is ongoing debate regarding the insufficient definitions of the terms ‘tourism’ and ‘tourist’. Upon researching this matter I have also come to question the validity of the ‘tourism industry’ and its ability to meet the requirements of industrial and commercial activities due to the lack of uniform and limitations of what it pertains to. The following are definitions I have chosen, in order of preference, to shed light on the ambiguous nature of these terms so that a clearer understanding can be realised for economic and educational use. Of these it can also be seen that they have been sourced from opposing areas of interest – industry, academic and dictionary, as to better illustrate the need for more than one type of definition. Furthermore, each will be deconstructed to communicate their relative strengths and weaknesses in relation to fundamental aspects of their current use. – World Tourism Organisation (cited in Tribe 2009, p.44); Tourism: ‘†¦ comprises the activities of a person’s travelling to and staying in places outside their usual environment for not more than one consecutive year for leisure, business and other purposes not related to the exercise of an activity remunerated from within the place visited.’ – World Tourism Organisation (1993, cited in Cooper, Shepherd & Westlake (1996, p.18); Tourist: ‘†¦A visitor* who in the country visited for at least one night. *Visitor: ‘†¦Any person who travels o a country other than that in which he/she has his/her usual environments, for a period not exceeding 12 months and whose main purpose of visit is other than the exercise of an activity remunerated from within the country visited.’ – Stear (2005, p. 8&11); Tourism: ‘tourism is travel and temporary stay, involving at least one night away from the region of a person’s usual home that is undertaken with the major expectation of satisfying leisure needs that are perceived as being more enjoyably able to be satisfied by being at places outside of, and qualitatively different to, the home region.’ Tourist: ‘a tourist is a person engaging in the activities directly associated with the present or future travel and temporary stay that involves at least one night away from the region of their usual home that is undertaken with the major expectation of satisfying leisure needs that are perceived as being more enjoyably able to be satisfied by places outside of, and qualitatively different to, the home region.’ – Oxford Dictionary (2011); Tourism: ‘the commercial organization and operation of holidays and visits to places of interest.’ Tourist: ‘†¦a person who is travelling or visiting a place for pleasure.’ To begin, one of the key factors in defining tourism is determining where it begins, ends, and the stakeholders impacted along the way. As explained by Theobald (1994, p.26), ‘tourism is more like a ‘sector’ that impacts a wide range of industries’ rather than an industry itself as current statistical measurement of economic effects is unreliable and problematic. Stear’s blanket approach of tourism neglects to set parameters for quantitative study where ‘many of these businesses also serve local residents [and] the impact of spending by visitors can easily be overlooked or underestimated’(Theobald 1994, p.4). This leads to the need for segregation of the term by its main features to establish the objective of the meaning and what it aims to achieve. This is adequately explained by Tribe (2009, p.25) as ‘†¦differentiation is sought between functional definitions of the term tourist used to define and measure activities of people for the purposes of sorting and collecting data about those activities, and that of the concept of tourist, which has a much less well-understood value’. Because of this it is widely accepted that there are ‘†¦two different types of tourism definitions, each with its own rationale and intended usage’ (Theobald 1994, p.7). The suggestion of Burkart & Medlik (1981, cited in Theobald 1994) that there are both conceptual and technical definitions, the former allowing for a theoretical approach such as Stear’s in which it can be used for the teaching of this area of study, and the latter is aligned to the WTO’s approach for ‘statistical or legislative purposes†¦.that can be applied to both international and domestic settings†¦.to help standardise comparative international tourism data collection’. Similarly the World Tourism Organisation has put forward a significant division in the term ‘tourist’ as a method of discerning those who visit a place for more than twenty-four hours from those who don’t. This enables significant advancements in both technical and conceptual approaches to the definition as allowing tourists such as backpackers, cruise ship passengers and tour busses to be incorporated as well as their significant input to the ‘industry’. Stear’s definition, although broad, lacks entirely in the foresight that ‘at least one night away’ is limited to people who reside in the area overnight which is often not the case. In my experience backpacking, there are many scenarios in which time constraints urge you to visit multiple ‘attractions’ in one day and often over large distances, of one account travelling by car I had breakfast in Italy, lunch in Switzerland, followed by dinner in Germany. With no uncertainty was I tourist at all stages of this trip, therefore the following opinion of Theobald (1994) in which ‘visitors include two distinct categories of travellers’ one being tourists and the other excursionists, is fundamental to the concern of accountability of economic effects in tourist destination regions. In this case the WTO definition comprises of a tourist and excursionist approach which adequately incorporates all impacts on the relative industries. However, of the above methods of definition neither encompasses the history and definition of each word and its everyday use regardless of technical and conceptual implications. Because of this, I believe it pertinent to incorporate the dictionary definition of both tourism and tourist in their comprehensive understanding as their etymology is central to the existence of this ‘sector’. It is collectively agreed (Stear 2005, Weaver & Lawton 2010, Tribe 2009 and Theobald 1994) that tourism is a social phenomenon of the nineteenth and twentieth century’s, of a time where cultural and leisure purposes were the most prominent instigating factors. This said, many forms of ‘types of travel’ (Stear 2005, p.5) have emerged clouding the nature of its original meaning making it difficult to transcend this meaning into a contemporary societal view. As Theobald (1994, p.6) explains etymologically the Latin derivative of tour (when combined with the suffixes of –ism and –ist) describes the movement in a round-trip and in essence the journey of leaving and then returning to the original starting point. It is plain to see that this holds great dissimilarity to the aforementioned dictionary definition as it is subsequent to the influences of industry purpose. Overall, this discussion has outlined the continued difficulties in producing a unified definition that encompasses all aspects of tourists and their impacts on tourism so that statistical and theoretical conclusions can be draw for economic and academic purposes. In total, I believe each of the definitions mentioned above hold merit in varying manners when applied for specific use in their appropriate field. This does not dismiss the issue that each has limitations in regards to the standardisation of each type of definition and in conclusion until this standardisation of terms used for conceptual and technical objectives occurs, neither can be solely accepted for all application in a worldwide setting.

Summary of Tuesday’s with Morrie

Summary of Tuesdays with Morrie Tuesdays with Morrie, is a look a man dying from a terminal illness and how he chose to deal with his prognosis. The book was written by Morrie Schwartz’s former student, Mitch Albom. Mitch was busy with his career, but one night while watching Nightline in 1995, he rediscovered his old professor, dying with Lou Gehrig’s disease. Lou Gehrig’s disease is also known as ALS (amyotrophic lateral sclerosisis). ALS is a fatal degenerative disease of the nervous system marked by progressive muscle weakness and atrophy. It is a form of motor neuron disease. Morrie did what most people who are aging and dying usually don’t do; he decided to face death with inner dignity and he taught a young man how to live through his impending death. Morrie was a perfect example of the continuity theory. The continuity theory emphasizes that people age best when they are able to view the changes in later life inside an existing thought and behavior pattern. Aging best, in my opinion is not just how long you live, but how you live. Morrie’s behaviors were; to talk about death, maintain social connections by spending time with friends and family, remain mentally active as long as he could, write and mentor Mitch, his former student. Morrie’s thought pattern changes were to write about death, make decisions as to how he was going to live out his remaining time, and anticipate the physical limitations that would occur as the disease progressed. He believed the more you anticipated the loss of physical powers, not just because of a disease, but also because of age, that causes physical limitations, or the end of physical abilities, the easier the adjustment would be. Morrie anticipated the total end of his physical abilities. Morrie’s behaviors and thought about the changes that took place in his life and physical body was the reason he could face his journey from life to death. Anyone going in to the field of gerontology will have to deal with aging clients and the prospect of their clients impending death. Tuesday’s with Morrie brought a realization of how society talks about living, but does not deal with the unavoidable reality of dying which is something all human beings must do. Morrie did not lose his ability to love in the midst of losing his battle with ALS. It was interesting for someone to be so candid about death, how it felt to know that one is dying, and using this as a platform to share with others the journey. Morrie was the epitome of knowing how to die. He possessed altruistic qualities, the belief that acting for the benefit of others is right and good, no matter what one’s own circumstances may be. Morrie was generative in life and generative in the midst of facing his own mortality. His generative behavior was shaped by his unique life experiences, including experiences of suffering. Leaving a legacy to succeeding generations was tied to suffering experiences, to the personal and communal identities that emerged from suffering, to the importance of intergenerational and intragenerational community, and to what men believed others needed from them. Morrie told a story about a male wave that was worried about crashing into the ocean. The male wave met a female wave that was happily head toward the shore. The male wave said you are going to crash into the shore and you will no longer exist. The female wave said I am not just a wave; I am part of the ocean. Morrie did not feel he was just an individual human being, but a part of the whole universe. It will be important for anyone working with the elderly to have the ability to understand from that individual’s point of view. It also impacted me personally because death is something we all have to face one day. It’s part of every human being’s journey. Unknown, but still a road all must travel. Morrie taught Mitch how to live while he was dying. Although Morrie was dying he still felt death was a mystery. Although death is unknown to all human beings, how people choose to deal with it is a decision they can make. The unknown is a fearful thing because it is not familiar. I like Morrie’s experience because he did not deal with the mystery of death, but with the things that were known to him. He used all of the resources he had in order to deal with his situation. Morrie’s use of crystallized intelligence,; the ability of his knowledge grow by taking every piece of life wisdom he had and applied it to his journey into death. His use of semantic memory, the basic facts of life he was able to maintain, helped him to rationally think about his impending inability to speak, go to the bathroom on his own, use his hands, or walk. Morrie dealt with how he would feel; the depression that would set in and he thought about how to handle his emotions as his body shuts down. Tuesday’s With Morrie made me think about death, and how I would handle it. Now death comes in many ways; one may be in a fatal accident, natural death, which I consider unexpected; or by a terminal illness that may be quick or drag on for months maybe even years. However it comes, death remains a mystery. I hope I can deal with the known fact that all must die; and no matter how death comes, that my life counted and that I did what I was suppose to do while here, and I helped others to learn how to live by my life, and ultimately by my death like Morrie.

Staying Relevant Essay Example

Staying Relevant Essay Example Staying Relevant Essay Staying Relevant Essay The role of Information Technology In Creating Economic Sustainability Kip Garland, founder innovativeness Sustaining an organization, be it a business, a government, or other groupings of people, requires the ability to create new growth. When organizations stop growing they lose their relevancy. Economic studies show that sustaining growth in productive sectors Is Increasingly difficult. From 1950 to 2005 the average time that top company could sustain Its relevancy among the top 500 companies fell from 65 to 8 years. Among the top fifty firms in the world only 5% could sustain a growth rate of a mere 6% while they were leaders. Among the 95% who could not sustain growth, only 4% were able to sustain a growth rate of even 1% 2. Conclusion If you cannot find new ways of growing. You become Irrelevant. Sector Saturation Twentieth Century 3 If new forms of growth are the key to sustaining organizational relevancy, a closer look reveals a more complex problem. Similar to biological organisms. Economic growth is a non-linear. This means that growth is a complex function (more pacifically, changes in inputs are not proportional to outputs). The result is that traditional management practices are inutile, and many times harmful for creating new growth. Instead of fighting against these forces a firm grounding In the circumstances that affect these non-linear situations goes a long way towards the ability to create new growth. In fact dealing with the complexity of growth in many cases means going against deeply instilled management practices, like listening to your customers, developing better products, and robust financial management. One powerful approach to these complex circumstances Is to begin to examine the fundamental questions our organizations were set out to answer. In trying to come up with new answers to long-running questions we sometimes lose track of what the original question was, and what its relevance is to the future. As an example of this process, Whirlpool the company behind powerful brands like Brashest and Consul, had one-hundred years to perfect answers to the question of how to build better machines to help with household chores Like cooking and question, the creation of new growth required new questions and not Just new answers. Some of these new questions could turn out to be even more relevant to the future. How to deliver well-being to the home was one of these new questions. Answering this new question led to fundamentally different types of thinking and learning, which let to new forms of growth. It enabled the creation of different answers answers that would not have been addressed from the original question of how to improve refrigerators, ranges, and washing machines. In a series of innovation focus groups conducted by innovativeness consultants Kip Garland and Carol Raking at the 2007 IT Forum, Coos began conceptualizing the growth challenges facing their companies. Independent of their respective industries, these executives concluded that maintaining relevancy was the key to creating sustainability. They found the identification of new forms growth, while at the same time extending the relevance of current growth, is the key for an organizationally sustainability. In effect, the Coos were able to turn a complicated robber like sustainability into a growth opportunity. In groups of five or six, Coos began to use innovation tools as way to think differently about their internal beliefs and the ability to influence external change. These tools included ways to examine internal orthodoxies in order to understand our own role in limiting options for new growth. Coos then were then invited to participate in a simulation in which they began to better understand the difficult choices top firms place when then seek to create new growth. The conclusion of these focus groups was that innovation is one of the elements that an be used to create options for new forms of growth. In a business context new growth takes the form of innovative business models, where the existing premises and orthodoxies about the customer, the benefit, and how is this benefit created and delivered can be overturned in order to create new options. As to implications for the role of information technology in specific, Coos concluded that their role is changing from supporting to facilitating. This means that instead of merely supporting an existing business model, IT moves into a role of helping to create new business models. Further, in many cases IT actually moves into the fundamental role of being the new business model itself. When we virtually purchase music online instead of physically buying the product, IT moves from a facilitating role (how) to a benefit (what) role (access, convenience, speed, security, reliability, etc. ). This fundamental change from how to what, creates powerful choices for IT professionals. The ability to create more options at lower risks (time, money) means that the cycle times of growth curves will be increasingly short.

Cardboard Sculpture Diary Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Cardboard Sculpture Diary - Essay Example Additionally, after initial discussions with my partner, cutting away the crust of the thick sheets of cardboard to make it paper thin was considered which would allow for more flexibility of design; perhaps abstract in nature. We further proposed using shredded pieces of cardboard, either by use of scissors or a shredding device, to create human hair as an organic component. Finally deciding on the use of the human hand, it was determined that the best course of action would be to use adhesives and cutting tools to make deliberate right angles needed for the inorganic device: The chosen television. The hand required glue and adhesive to shape paper-thin fingers with less-obvious angles. Organic, in artistry, represents a natural context, such as what exists in the biological environment such as animals, plants, or even the use of rocks and soil as a complement to sculpture. More abstractly, organic artistry can entail mimicking natural phenomenon, such as using pleasing lines and shapes that might represent a river’s flow or cosmological elements like the orbit of planetary bodies. Organic shapes and designs are often characterized by being more feminine or nurturing in design. Inorganic is characterized by more sharp angles in sculpture and artistry, using sharper lines and exact geometric patterns, reminiscent of Picasso’s abstract paintings. In relation to objects, inorganic might represent the representation of a building or other man-made structure which is illustrated by definite angles. The television shape chosen for this project is inorganic in design. At the same time, the hand which will burst through the television could also be categorized as inorganic as it suggests a powerful, masculine activity: Rebellion and strength. Synthesis appears to have many different meanings, however it appears to be the careful thought and consideration which goes into a piece of work, such as determining form, style, theme, and

Comparison of the Role and Powers of the OMB to the CBO Essay

Comparison of the Role and Powers of the OMB to the CBO - Essay Example The conclusions made by CBO are generally not challenged though many scrutinies are done. Therefore, the services of CBO can be categorized into four areas. Firstly is helping the congress formulate a budget plan. Secondly is to help the budget process stay in the plan. Thirdly is to help assess the impact of federal mandates. Finally contributes to consider issues related to economic policy and budget. The office is purely analytical and is not involved in bill writing, conduct audits, enforce budget rules, or implement regulations (Dewhirst & Rausch, 2007). The overlap of CBO and OMB Both OMB and CBO are involved in scoring legislation costs. This includes the appropriation and direct spending included in authorization bills. Budget committees have the responsibility for determining the scoring effects of legislation for enforcement by congress. However, the budget committees rely on CBO estimate during congressional consideration of individual bill so that consistency with the budget resolution is achieved. The President utilizes estimates of OMB to determine the cost of budget-related legislation. OMB explains the differences or reconciles the two sets of discretionary estimates. The difference between OMB and CBO The difference between OMB and CBO lies on their roles and powers. The CBO is a legislative agency that is involved in advising the congress on the general budget matters. The first and foremost agency that is accountable to congress specifically the Budget Committees.